Background
- Expanded Programme on
Immunization was launched in 1978. It was renamed as Universal
Immunization Programme in 1985 when its reach was expanded beyond urban
areas. In 1992, it became part of Child Survival and Safe Motherhood
Programme and in 1997 it was included in the ambit of National
Reproductive and Child Health Programme. Since the launch of National
Rural Health Mission in 2005, Universal Immunization Programme has always
been an integral part of it.
- Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) is one of the largest public health programmes targeting close of 32 lakhs newborns and 34 lakhs pregnant women annually which comprises 10% of the national cohort.
- It is one of the most
cost-effective public health interventions and largely responsible for
reduction of vaccine preventable under-5 mortality rate.
- Under UIP, immunization
is providing free of cost against 12 vaccine preventable diseases such as
Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Measles, Rubella, severe form of
Childhood Tuberculosis, Hepatitis B and Meningitis & Pneumonia caused
by Hemophilus Influenza type B,
Rotavirus diarrhoea, Pneumococcal Pneumonia and Japanese Encephalitis; of
which JE vaccine is provided in all
districts except Khagaria, Begusarai, and Kaimur.
- A child is said to be
fully immunized if child receives all due vaccine as per national
immunization schedule within 1st year age of child.
- The two major milestones of UIP have been the elimination of polio in 2014 and maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination in 2015.
National Immunization Schedule :
|
Vaccine |
Dose |
Recommended Age |
Volume |
Route and
site of administration |
|||||
|
Infants and Children |
|||||||||
|
BCG |
Single |
At
birth |
0.05 ml1 |
Intradermal (LEFT upper arm) |
|||||
|
Hepatitis B |
Birth dose |
At
birth |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (Antero-lateral side of LEFT mid-thigh) |
|||||
|
OPV |
Zero dose |
At
birth |
2
drops |
Oral (mouth) |
|||||
|
First |
6
weeks |
2
drops |
Oral (mouth) |
||||||
|
Second |
10 weeks |
2
drops |
Oral (mouth) |
||||||
|
Third |
14 weeks |
2
drops |
Oral (mouth) |
||||||
|
Booster |
16-24 months |
2
drops |
Oral (mouth) |
||||||
|
Penta- valent |
First |
6
weeks |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (Antero-lateral side of LEFT mid-thigh) |
|||||
|
Second |
10 weeks |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (Antero-lateral side of LEFT mid-thigh) |
||||||
|
Third |
14 weeks |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (Antero-lateral side of LEFT mid-thigh) |
||||||
|
Rotavirus* |
First |
6 weeks |
5 drops |
Oral (mouth) |
|||||
|
Second |
10 weeks |
5 drops |
Oral (mouth) |
||||||
|
Third |
14 weeks |
5 drops |
Oral (mouth) |
||||||
|
PCV* |
First |
6 weeks |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (Antero-lateral side of RIGHT midthigh) |
|||||
|
Second |
14 weeks |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (Antero-lateral side of RIGHT mid-thigh) |
||||||
|
Booster |
9 months |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (Antero-lateral side of RIGHT mid-thigh) |
||||||
|
IPV |
First |
6 weeks |
0.1 ml |
Intradermal (RIGHT upper
arm) |
|||||
|
Second |
14 weeks |
0.1 ml |
Intradermal (RIGHT upper
arm) |
||||||
|
Measles/ MR* |
First |
9-12 months |
0.5 ml |
Subcutaneous (RIGHT upper arm) |
|||||
|
Booster |
16-24 months |
0.5 ml |
Subcutaneous (RIGHT upper arm) |
||||||
|
JE*2 |
First |
9-12 months |
0.5 ml |
Subcutaneous (LEFT upper arm) |
|||||
|
Second |
16-24 months |
0.5 ml |
Subcutaneous (LEFT upper arm) |
||||||
|
DPT |
First booster |
16-24 months |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (Antero-lateral side of LEFT mid-thigh) |
|||||
|
Second
booster |
5-6 years |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (upper
arm) |
||||||
|
Td |
First |
10
years |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (upper
arm) |
|||||
|
|
Second |
16 years |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (upper arm) |
|||||
|
Pregnant women |
|
|||||||||
|
Td |
First |
Earliest possible |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (upper arm) |
|
|||||
|
Second |
4
week after 1st dose |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (upper arm) |
|
||||||
|
Booster |
If received 2 Td doses in a pregnancy within the last 3 years |
0.5 ml |
Intramuscular (upper arm) |
|
||||||
|
(1)
If BCG
is administered after
one month of age, then
dose will be 0.1 ml (2) JE vaccine is given in all district except Kaimur, Khagaria, and Begusarai |
|
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Guideline
All the vaccines have to maintain cold chain from point of manufacture till vaccination to the beneficiaries. Vaccination is done as per Universal Immunization Programme schedule of GoI.
ü National Operational Guidelines on Introduction of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV)
ü Immunization Handbook for Health Workers-Hindi
ü Immunization Handbook for Health Workers-English
ü Operational Guidelines for Introduction of Rotavac in UIP
ü Td vaccine operational guidelines
ü Immunization Handbook for Medical Officers 2017
ü FAQ on Immunization for Parents-English
Beneficiaries
Immunization program aims to provide protection from Vaccine Preventable Diseases to the individuals. Beneficiaries ranging from Infants to Adolescents and Pregnant Women are the target beneficiaries .
Events / News
Pulse Polio Campaign: 19-23 June 2022 and 18-22 September 22
Report- Immunization
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Report- COVID19 Vaccination
13 crore doses has been administered.